Back to the part of the body between the waist, the lower part of the neck. Back pain a number of accompanying diseases. Therefore, it often happens that the number of appeals to the health institutions in the second place after respiratory diseases.
Common causes of pain
What to do if you have back pain? Of course, consult a doctor. Treatment back neurologists, orthopedists, general practitioners, chiropractic doctors. Find out what the real cause of the disease, prescribe a course of treatment. The pain can be caused by:
- osteochondrosis;
- spondiloarthrosis;
- ankylosing spondylitis (Bechterew's disease);
- lumbago;
- intercostal neuralgia;
- pregnancy;
- congenital or acquired curvature of the spine – scoliosis, kyphosis, lordosis;
- professional factors;
- the long-term task, a back muscle strain;
- tumor metastases to the spine;
- the pain returns, some diseases of the internal organs.
The diseases of the main reasons for the back pain, a combination of several groups: degenerative, inflammatory, myofascial, rare disease. Separately consider the pregnancy as a physiological condition of the body.
Degenerative diseases of the spine
Osteochondrosis, spondiloarthrosis is a frequent disease, accompanied by pain in the back. The reason lies in the fact that the pathological changes of various structures in the spine. Differences, similarities between the two diseases are the following:
| The name of the disease | The pain caused by | Reason |
| Osteochondrosis | Defeat of the cartilage, inter vertebral discs, starting from the nucleus pulposus. The suffering of the body adjacent vertebrae with the formation of joints, and hernia. | Injuries, falls, physical and static load, age. |
| The polished spondylosis and joint disorders | Dysfunction of the small (dimension) of the vertebrae with the formation of bony outgrowth. Degeneration of the fibrous ring of the intervertebral discs, ligaments pathology. | Low back pain, injury, exercise, posture, the function of the foot. |
Sciatica, lumbago, intercostal neuralgia, radiculáriszt syndrome, synonyms, of the same disease. This is a consequence of degenerative disc disease, complicated hernia. Hernia irritate, compress nerve roots, tension, spasm of the intercostal muscles. As a consequence, severe pain in the lower back that radiates into the leg. No cure for the disease leads to paresis. The patient feels "tingling, numbness, decreased sensitivity in the extremities. The legs are heavy to lift and straighten. Terrible pain when sitting, sit up or straighten the affected leg.
If it hurts your back, degenerative disc disease or spondylarthrosis, you need to be seriously hard to handle. In the initial stage, especially the young people, the disease can be cured. By the way, takes a chronic course with periods of exacerbations, remissions. With the passage of time, the exacerbations frequency increases, but the pain increases again.
Inflammatory diseases,
Ankylosing spondylosis
His ankylosing spondylitis, a chronic, severe involvement of the joints of the spine. A genetic inclination. Often affects young, healthy people in the prime of life. Sooner or later, the disease leads to disability. Spondylosis begins with changes in the discs. Since the disease of the vertebrae, which are strongly bonded to each other to the connective tissue fixed structure (a bamboo stick). The spine is fully transferred to the stationary state.
If you get stiffness, dull pain back, you lose the flexibility of your spine, contact your doctor immediately. The development of the disease is still possible to suspend and pull out the time of the physical activity.
Disease Kümmel-Verneuil
As ankylosing spondylitis belongs to a group-specific spondylosis. Occurs only after injury. The tragedy of the disease to a traumatic, the pain will go away. The disease of the "silent" indefinitely. The injured man considers himself to be completely healthy. The disease suddenly manifested necrotic changes of the vertebrae, fractures, frequent relapse, and the terrible pain.
Spondylitis
Unique, specific inflammation of the spine caused by a variety of reasons. Specific spondylitis caused by:
- tuberculosis of the vertebrae (Potter's disease);
- syphilis;
- gonorrhea;
- brucellosis;
- bowel, bruchnotifozna stick.
Diseases are accompanied by destruction of vertebral bodies with a very strong, constant pain in the back, the spine deformity.
Myofascial pain
The name suggests that the disease affects the muscle fascia of the back. Excessive muscle strain, injuries, posture, osteochondrosis of the fascia, muscles developed trigger points. It's a tight painful education in the form of a knot, or the thread. If you press the point, massage to severe pain.
Trigger zone active and the passive. Active sites to the increased sensitivity, irritability of the muscles fascia. Sharply reacting to the slightest movement of the muscles. The passive areas of the pain appears only after pressing the button.
Internal medicine
Pneumonia, pleurisy, because of a sore back. Heart pain radiating under the shoulder blade. Kidney disease accompanied by prolonged pain in the lower back, the lower back. But the somatic diseases, and the pain in the first place are the other symptoms. For example, pneumonia, pleurisy, cough, fever, shortness of breath, etc.
Physiological pain
Pregnancy – physiological status of the women, often hurts his back. In the period that a child in the woman's body down to radical hormonal changes. Increase the load on the bodies of the system, including the spine. The changing emotional condition of the pregnant woman.
The lower back pain during early pregnancy may occur if the risk of miscarriage. They are excruciating, aching, sometimes cramping. Pain in later stages due to the increased load on the back muscles and spine. The woman changing posture, increased lumbar lordosis other reason, pain pregnant.
The threat of miscarriage, a medical emergency. To reduce the load on the spine, wearing prenatal bandage. In this critical period it is important that all, even the heel height, little to be.
Other reasons
Tumors
Benign or malignant, metastases to the spine of the prostate adenoma, multiple myeloma because unbearable terrible pain in the spine.
Osteomyelitis of the spine
A rare disease caused by infection, inflammation of the vertebrae microbes: Staphylococcus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Streptococcus. The impact of different parts of the spine. Often develops in men after 40-50 years. The disease is acute pain in the affected Class, high fever, intoxication.
Paget ' S Disease,
Or osteodystrophy, occurs, if the infringement of the synthesis and restore of bone tissue. It looks like the background of autoimmune diseases, ankylosing spondylosis, fracture. Typical fragility, increased fragility of the bones of the spine.
Diagnosis
If you have back pain, it is necessary to fully screened. First, the doctor carefully examine the patient. A further diagnosis is based on clinical and instrumental indicators.
The audit revealed that the character of the pain, localization, duration of the event-at night, when you change body position during exercise, at rest, etc. take into account the presence of comorbidities, can cause back pain, pneumonia, pleurisy, tumors, mental illness, and injury. Then there are the other tests:
- biochemical blood analysis;
- x-ray in two projections;
- Of the spine CT – computer tomography;
- The MRI of the spine magnetic resonance;
- bone scintigraphy – acquiring 2-dimensional images after administration of radioactive isotopes or other types of surveys.
Better painful the doctor knows what kinds of diagnostics. Sometimes, to find out the cause of the disease, enough of the x-ray. Sometimes resort to further, more informative types of tests.
Treatment
Depending on the disease type, severity, select the desired method of treatment – conservative or surgical. Patients with acute pain, severe course of disease is treated at the hospital, and other outpatient settings. The surgery is very rare. Preference is given to conservative treatment, which affects of the disease. When the pain appears:
- non-steroidal drugs;
- synthetic adrenal hormones;
- muscle relaxants;
- chondroprotectors;
- joint replacement.
A sharp pain to shoot novocaine blockade, injection of hydrocortisone, and analgesics. Outside the aggravation shown, ointments, massage, therapeutic exercise, physiotherapy, chiropractic, reflexology. It's a good idea to stay in the center. Temporarily relieve the patient's spine, or a special lock laces.
The pain is not only a source of discomfort. In the initial period, the disease acts as a protective response, suggesting that the body is bad, we need to move.